Page 256 - Elana Freeland - Under an Ionized Sky

GLOSSARY

ACID pH <7
ACOUSTIC GRAVITY WAVES Infrasound low frequency (20–100Hz) modulated by ultra-low infrasonic waves (0.1–15Hz).
Many of the groans and hums heard around the world are acoustic gravity waves.
ALBEDO Latin, “whiteness.” Reflected sunlight; the diffuse reflectivity or reflecting power of a surface
ALKALINE pH >7
AM Amplitude modulation
ANTHROPOGENIC Man-made
ATMOSPHERE Composed of the troposphere (6–20km), stratosphere (20–50km), mesosphere (50–80km), thermosphere (80–
690km)
ATMOSPHERIC RIVER Bands of enhanced water vapor in the atmosphere several thousand kilometers long and a few
hundred kilometers wide. One atmospheric river can carry a greater flux of water than the Amazon River. Three to five
atmospheric rivers in a hemisphere at any given time.
BOLOMETER Measures incident electromagnetic radiation by heating a material with a temperature-dependent electrical
resistance; from the Greek bole (βολή) for something thrown, as a ray of light
CATION An ion or group of ions having a positive charge
C4 Command, control, communications, cyberwarfare
CIA Central Intelligence Agency
CME Coronal mass ejection
DB Decibel; a measurement used in acoustics and electronics, such as gains of amplifiers, attenuation of signals, and signal-to-
noise ratios
DIA Defense Intelligence Agency
DOPPLER NEXRAD (NEXt generation weather RADar) is a Doppler radar system.
ELECTROJET A charging electric current 90– 150 km (56–93 miles) in the ionosphere; the equatorial electrojet (magnetic
equator) and Auroral electrojets (Arctic and Antarctic Circles) are the ionospheric fluctuations.
ELF Extremely or extra low frequency, 3–300 Hz
EHF Extremely high frequency. The advantage of EHF is that transmissions travel in a straight line (a beam).
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ERP Effective radiated power of directional radio frequency
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FREQUENCY The rate at which a particle moves back and forth in space. Electrons behave collectively in waves; ions move
more slowly and make waves with a smaller frequency.
FM Frequency modulation
FSB Frequency-selective bolometer; low noise sub-millimeter to mid-infrared sensor
GAUSS (G) Measurement of magnetic flux density or magnetic induction
GE/GM/GMO Genetically engineered / genetically modified organism
G-FORCE Gravitational force exerted on pilots who jink at close to 500 mph
GIGAHERTZ GHz, one billion (1,000,000,000) cycles per second (Hz)
HARMONICS The mathematics that connect wavelengths of matter, gravity, and light
HERTZ (HZ) Measure of frequency in cycles per second. In the U.S., electrical power is an alternating cycle (AC) of current
and voltage with a frequency of 60 cycles per second regardless of the amount of power used:
3
kHz (kilohertz, 10 Hz)